Corrections and retractions

When a problem is found in a published paper, the journal responds according to its seriousness.

Erratum

When an error affects the understanding of the paper without invalidating its results (a mistranscribed figure, an incomplete reference, a significant typo), an erratum linked to the original article is published. The article remains available and the correction is shown alongside it.

Retraction

When the findings are no longer valid, whether because of honest error or because of misconduct such as plagiarism, fabricated or manipulated data, duplicate publication or improper authorship, a retraction explaining the reason is published.

Articles are not removed

Articles are never taken down from the site. They remain accessible and clearly marked as retracted, with a visible notice on the document itself. Removing them would orphan the citations other works have already made and would hide the error instead of correcting it publicly.

Who may request it

Anyone, whether an author of the paper or not, may request a correction or retraction by writing to the editorial office with the supporting evidence. Authors must report immediately any significant error they find in their own work.